Earthquakes usually occur when underground rock suddenly breaks and rapid movement occurs along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes seismic waves that shake the ground. During and after the earthquake, the plates or blocks of rock begin to move and continue to move until they become stuck again. The place underground where the rock first breaks is called the focus or hypocenter of the earthquake. The place just above the focus (on the ground surface) is called the epicenter of the earthquake.

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