Nothing, not even light, can escape the gravitational pull of a black hole. This is why they are called black holes. We cannot observe them directly. However, we can observe the effects of black holes on the space around them. Black holes have the mass of millions or billions of stars. It may also be a few star masses crushed to high density during supernova explosions.

Astronomy studies the planets, solar system, galaxies, stars, nebulae, comets, asteroids, black holes, quasars and meteors among many objects in the universe or cosmos. In the same way, cosmology studies the birth, existence and end of the universe. astrophysics uses the laws of physics and chemistry to study the cosmos and how we adapt to it.

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