We just learned two separation techniques, so let's learn one more! Distillation separates compounds because of their different boiling points. If two liquids are miscible, we cannot perform an extraction, but if they have very different boiling points, we can heat the mixture to a temperature above the boiling point of one but below the boiling point boiling point of the other, and only the compound with the lower boiling point will vaporize. This vapor can pass through a condenser where it will condense, and the distillate can be collected in a receiving flask. Separation complete! There are some subtle details to be aware of, so take a look at this.

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