Quantum dots are artificial nanoscale semiconductor crystals that carry electrons. Their size is approximately 2 to 6 nanometers. They emit various wavelengths if exposed to light, particularly ultraviolet.
Theoretical concepts of quantum dots were developed in the 1970s and updated in the 1980s.
Quantum effects will be evident if the semiconductor particles are small enough. the energy of the electrons or holes will be less. Simply by regulating their size, quantum dots can be made to emit and absorb specific colors of light. Thus, their optical properties can be finely adjusted depending on their size.
Quantum dots find applications in electronics. photovoltaics, televisions and television screens, biomedical technology and medicine.

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