Hydrogen fuel cell cars sound awesome: hydrogen and oxygen in them, nothing but water coming out. But if that hydrogen comes from dirty, carbon-emitting power plants, your sustainable car may not be so green after all. #fuel cell #electric cars #emissions

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Credits:
Executive Producers:
Georges Zaïdan
Hilary Hudson

Producers:
Elaine Seward
Andrew Sobey
Darren Weaver

Author/Host:
Alex Dainis, Ph.D.

Scientific consultants:
Michelle Boucher, Ph.D.
Jay B. Benziger, PhD
Leila Duman, PhD

Sources:
How internal combustion engines work
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#::textThe%20engine%20consists%20of%20a,in%20turn%20rotates%20the%20crankshaft.&textAfter%20the% 20piston%20compresses%20the,piston%20during%20the%20power%20stroke.
https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a26962316/how-a-car-works/
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-basics#::textThe%20engine%20consists%20of%20a,in%20turn%20rotates%20the%20crankshaft.&textAfter%20the% 20piston%20compresses%20the,piston%20during%20the%20power%20stroke.

Hydrogen combustion engines
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/tech_validation/pdfs/fcm03r0.pdf
https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1132103_could-hydrogen-keep-the-internal-combustion-engine-alive

Fuel Cell Chemistry
https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/how-do-fuel-cell-electric-cars-work

Natural gas reforming
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-natural-gas-reforming

96% of hydrogen comes from fossil fuels
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ese3.956

Hydrogen production for all kinds of industries, not just fuel cells, is responsible for 830 million tons of carbon dioxide every year.
https://www.iea.org/fuels-and-technologies/hydrogen

More efficient energy production in a power plant
https://www.forbes.com/sites/enriquedans/2018/08/19/myths-and-shibboleths-about-electric-vehicles-the-long-tailpipe-theory/#::textThe%20reason%20is%20as %20simple, the%20efficiency%20of%20these%20vehicles.&textAn%20combustion%20internal%20motor%20in,energy%20simply%20lost%20in%20heat.

The EV more efficient than the fuel cell
https://theconversation.com/hydrogen-cars-wont-overtake-electric-vehicles-because-theyre-hampered-by-the-laws-of-science-139899

Advantages of hydrogen cars
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g1bf1cbf0-ac2f-4b39-a3de-2df77a9a515e

Green methods of producing hydrogen
http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/consumer/hydrogen/basics/production-solar.htm#::textPigments%20in%20algae%20absorb%20solar,water%20splitting%20using%20thermochemical%20steps
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-photoelectrochemical-water-splitting

How much electricity is produced in the United States by energy source?
https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id427&t3

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